I have always thought that the people who advocate putting computers in classrooms as a way to transform education were well intentioned but wide of the mark. It’s not the problem, and it’s not the answer.
Yet as a new school year begins, the time may have come to reconsider how large a role technology can play in changing education. There are promising examples, both in the United States and abroad.... Computing is an integral tool in all disciplines, always at the ready.
[snip]
In the classroom, the emphasis can shift to project-based learning, a real break with the textbook-and-lecture model of education. In a high school class, a project might begin with a hypothetical letter from the White House that says oil prices are spiking, the economy is faltering and the president’s poll numbers are falling. The assignment would be to devise a new energy policy in two weeks. The shared Web space for the project, for example, would include the White House letter, the sources the students must consult, their work plan and timetable, assignments for each student, the assessment criteria for their grades and, eventually, the paper the team delivers. Oral presentations would be required.
Project-based learning.
You don't say.
Now there's a concept for which the huddled masses have been clamoring for lo these past one hundred years.
round up the usual suspects
“Unless you change how you teach and how kids work, new technology is not really going to make a difference,” said Bob Pearlman, a former teacher who is the director of strategic planning for the New Technology Foundation, a nonprofit organization.
The foundation, based in Napa, Calif., has developed a model for project-based teaching and is at the forefront of the drive for technology-enabled reform of education. Forty-two schools in nine states are trying the foundation’s model, and their numbers are growing rapidly.
Behind the efforts, of course, are concerns that K-12 public schools are falling short in preparing students for the twin challenges of globalization and technological change. Worries about the nation’s future competitiveness led to the creation in 2002 of the Partnership for 21st Century Skills, a coalition whose members include the Department of Education and technology companies like Apple, Cisco Systems, Dell and Microsoft.
skills and more skills
The government-industry partnership identifies a set of skills that mirror those that the New Technology Foundation model is meant to nurture. Those skills include collaboration, systems thinking, self-direction and communication, both online and in person.This calls to mind Ed's line about the schools teaching the 21st century skills and leaving us to teach the 19th century ones.
interdisciplinary, too!
State officials in Indiana took a look at the foundation’s model and offered travel grants for local teachers and administrators to visit its schools in California. Sally Nichols, an English teacher, came away impressed and signed up for the new project-based teaching program at her school, Decatur Central High School in Indianapolis.
Last year, Ms. Nichols and another teacher taught a biology and literature class for freshmen. (Cross-disciplinary courses are common in the New Technology model.) Typically, half of freshmen fail biology, but under the project-based model the failure rate was cut in half.
At School, Technology Starts to Turn a Corner
By STEVE LOHR (Steve Lohr reports on technology, business and economics.)
Published: August 16, 2008
So I guess here in the 21st century survey courses are out [scroll down].
Not to belabor the obvious, but.... what?
The White House sends out a letter?
A letter saying oil prices are spiking, the economy is faltering, and the president's poll numbers ratings are falling?
And you, a 21st century high school student, have two weeks to come up with a new energy policy to improve the president's poll numbers?
I'd like to see the rubric for this thing.*
famous last words
Sir Mark says he is convinced that advances in computing, combined with improved understanding of how to tailor the technology to different students, can help transform education.
“This is the best Trojan horse for causing change in schools that I have ever seen,” he said.
21st century skills
get a head start on your child's Spanish menu
* Which may have something to do with the good news on the failure rate, come to think of it.
When I first read that "Trojan horse" line I thought Sir Mark had had a Freudian slip.
ReplyDeleteBut as I think about it, he probably didn't.
He's probably thinking, "Technology will finally destroy book-based liberal arts education."
Do you think?
This is the best Trojan horse for causing change in schools that I have ever seen,” he said.
ReplyDeleteThe change may be out of schools, not in them.
I think long-term, technology is going to severely disrupt the school model. A time may come when a student would not need to go through a school to access subject matter.
I'm not sure you will need a school to get a liberal arts education (or any other program of study). In the future there may be alternate delivery platforms.
Project-based learning.
ReplyDeleteYou don't say.
Our town finally has it's own magnet school for preschool and kindergarten based on the Reggio Emilia philosophy.
It is "an early childhood program focused on the development of the whole child. This program uses an internationally-celebrated philosophy that emphasizes a project-based approach to learning. It utilizes children’s natural curiosity to teach them
principles of literacy, science, math, and language, and to promote critical thinking, investigation,
problem solving, confidence, creative expression, math, and language development."
So there you have it. Project based learning for three year olds. This stuff isn't going away anytime soon, I'm afraid.
I just had an epiphany. I think I get where these project based peoploe are coming from. When kids complain about learning something hard, and what the kids say is "when am I going to need this in the real world" these people believe that the kids are really articulating what the problem is. Wow.
ReplyDeleteIn my experience (and I know there are teachers who agree with me, as well as others who don't) the complaint "when am I going to need this in the real world"" is secret code for "I don't want to sound stupid, or like this might be my fault, but I don't understand this". I have found that if you attack the not-understanding, the complaining tends to go away. I know from sad experience, that if you attack the "real world" part of the complaint without addressing the not-understanding (and while keeping the same content), the complaints do not go away.
I think the project based people may have come up with a third alternative: if you both address the "real world" part, _and_ you seriously reduce the content, then all the kids who tend to complain cease complaining. Whadaya think?
Project-based learning, my eye. The correct term is "project-based goofing around," if typical high schoolers are involved. (Well, if they are anything like the kids I went to high school with....)
ReplyDelete"And you, a 21st century high school student, have two weeks to come up with a new energy policy to improve the president's poll numbers?"
ReplyDeleteWhat can you say to someone who comes up with this stuff. Put it in an optional magnet school, please. But how about a magnet school for kids with parents who don't want this crap. Oops. That's the problem. These people can't begin to understand this viewpoint.
I can understand why some people like these ideas. What I don't understand is how these people can't do the same. They can't deal with people who disagree. I guess when you buy into an idea, there is little room for anything else.
I am having an email discussion with one of our school committee members about a new "higher-order thinking" system (?) that they want to use in our K-8 schools. I can't seem to get anywhere. All I get for responses are simplistic rote memorization (equals mastery) versus higher order thinking arguments.
Many people seem to be incapable of handling details. They are high-level concept people. Once they get an idea in their heads, that's it. Nothing else (details) matter. It's impossible to have any level of discussion with these people.
You can't argue details with someone who can't handle details, and you can't argue ideas because there is no basis for it without details. At a parent-techer Everyday Math meeting at my son's previous school, the discussion centered on "balance". Balance is good. End of discussion.
Unfortunately, many of these people are in charge of schools. They buy into an idea. If something goes wrong, they are only capable of blaming the implementation, not the idea. That's what our principal said about the old MathLand curriculum we had. Implementation.
I'm not trying to sound dense or to hijack this thread, but ... when *do* kids start asking, "when am I going to need this in the real world?" I haven't yet run into this with my child and kinda wonder when it is normal for this to show up ...
ReplyDelete-Thanks,
Mark Roulo
Mark, in our experience, the 'when am I going to need this..' starts in 7th grade, when the child realizes that he hasn't got a clue (thanks to poor teaching) and he'd really like to get to bed at a decent time rather than SQ3R the text.
ReplyDeleteOur town finally has it's own magnet school for preschool and kindergarten based on the Reggio Emilia philosophy.
ReplyDeleteoh, no!
I wonder if I can find the post on Reggio Emilia (it linked to a New York Sun article...)
it's hopeless
Mark - that's a good question
ReplyDeleteI'm trying to think whether C. has ever raised this question.
He just turned 14 & I don't think he's ever said, "When am I going to use this?"
Interesting.
What can you say to someone who comes up with this stuff. Put it in an optional magnet school, please.
ReplyDeleteExactly.
The article itself is beyond the pale. (And this is in the NYTIMES -- Week in Review, irrc.)
For one thing, the selling point for technology is that the student can keep all his materials, including the letter from the White House, ON HIS COMPUTER!!!!
Which means, I guess, that our schools will also be purchasing individual one-on-one scanners for their students since the only way to store a LETTER on a computer is to scan the thing.
And, of course, the bizarro-world idea that the White House "sends a letter" to all citizens announcing bad news & linking that bad news to the president's poll numbers, would de-motivate me going in.
Not only would such a thing not occur in nature, but it leaves open the question of what the student's goals are in creating this policy:
* lower gas prices
* stimulate the economy
* raise the president's poll numbers
In some circumstances all 3 goals will be compatible; in others they won't. (So does the group block out some time for arguing about which goals/s to pursue on their ACT software?)
PLUS: BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE.
ReplyDeleteWhat does a high school student know about energy policy, the economy, and polling data?
And how many high school teachers in the country are qualified to assess the results of this assignment?
Ed thought maybe 2 or 3 career changers.
Hi Niels!
ReplyDeleteThe correct term is "project-based goofing around
Make that: Project-based goofing around with PowerPoint.
I think long-term, technology is going to severely disrupt the school model. A time may come when a student would not need to go through a school to access subject matter.
ReplyDeleteI'm interested to see what happens here.
So far, online learning has been a bust, at least according to Cliff Stoll (High-Tech Heretic).
otoh, Stoll is talking about the investment universities made in online learning. In that case, the alternative is real college courses, which you choose to take & which aren't taught by ed schools.
With public schools, I think we're starting to see a different model, which is parents (or tutors) accessing content online & teaching it to students and student-clients.
There's an amazing story in the local paper titled "Saved from the Bell" with a photo of a Scarsdale mom homeschooling her 3 kids together at the same table. I'm going to try to get some passages typed and posted.
There's something that doesn't work about the "pure" online learning model: "pure" meaning student learning from website. I've been a member of ALEKS for 2 years now & stopped doing the lessons at least a year ago....
I stuck with Saxon, didn't stick with ALEKS. It's something to do with the difference between book and website. Book is better. I don't know why.
In the past month I've discovered that a paper planner, for me, is wildly superior to a software planner.
I don't think we understand the internet yet.... (or maybe I mean the experience of reading & studying & learning from a computer screen?)
Remember back when we talked about buying software programs to teach math facts? I think most of us found that we had to switch to pencil and paper.
I continue to think there's HUGE potential for learning from the internet, and in fact I have learned a vast amount from the internet; my research for Temple's and my 2nd book is much better than for the first because I was able to pull most of the academic articles I wanted to see.
But so far I'm finding that internet learning is like internet blogging or internet surfing; it works best in "pieces."
Systematic, sustained learning as in taking a course or reading a book doesn't seem to work.
In a way, that's what this writer is saying: instead of having kids take coherent courses online, ed schools will require our kids to do superficial projects that require a collection of lots of little bits and pieces.
btw, I don't know why any of this should be the case, but at this point I do know that it is the case for me & I've seen it be the case for a few others I know...
ReplyDeleteSo there you have it. Project based learning for three year olds. This stuff isn't going away anytime soon, I'm afraid.
ReplyDeleteTime for me to put up my Holland post...
lsquared - wow - I think you're onto something there
ReplyDeleteTime for me to put up my Holland post...
ReplyDeleteI look forward to it.
Welcome back!
I don't think we understand the internet yet.... (or maybe I mean the experience of reading & studying & learning from a computer screen?)
ReplyDeleteI completely agree with you on the current state of web-based training. But the present is not the future. I can't predict what is going to take off, but I think one or more alternatives will.
A 3D holograph AI (artificial intelligence) teacher giving you one-on-one instruction, like Kortana in Halo or Professor Kawashima in Brain Age?
A Facebook group of students that hires teachers in India to give lessons via video conference?
Some other idea we're not thinking about?
I don't think the change will happen overnight. But 20 years ago it was pretty obvious that the newspaper business model was obsolete. Now that the revenue crash is coming it's pretty dramatic. But the dynamic has been in place for quite a while. That's where I think we are with education in the U.S.
I don't think I would call it internet learning. The underlying concept is self-learning, with the teacher on the side, whether it's from a book, the internet, or a stand-alone program. (A program could print out worksheets that a student would solve with a pencil.) I won't say that it's impossible, but I haven't seen a good example yet.
ReplyDelete"Book is better. I don't know why."
There is no reason why a good computer implementation of a Saxon textbook couldn't be better. This assumes that you still have a qualified teacher there. You can't compare a textbook with a teacher to a computerized self-learning environment without a teacher.
When I helped my son get back up to speed with his math for this fall, I covered a lot of ground in a short amount of time. However, one doesn't have to be that efficient to be much better in a school environment, especially if you automate the mastery process and allow kids to progress at their own speed. Online formative assessment and reporting can allow teachers to quickly handle problems and software can generate customized learning paths, assuming one can agree on the goals.
This can be done in a mixed-ability environment, but schools would have to limit the mixed-ability learning groups. One big possibility is that their love of technology will allow kids to learn at their own speed while sitting next to someone else of much different ability. It might break them of their mixed group learning hangup.
So what is the advantage of computers? They can handle many customized details for many kids at one time. They are especially good at this if you can clearly define mastery standards. They can handle some level of formative assessment and individual adaptation, but not a lot. However, if your teaching goal is centered on projects and poorly-defined objectives, then computers won't help much at all.
I completely agree with you on the current state of web-based training. But the present is not the future. I can't predict what is going to take off, but I think one or more alternatives will.
ReplyDeleteI have the same feeling! And it really is a "feeling." There's some kind of huge potential there (obviously the author of this op-ed is working from the same sense)....but I don't think I've seen it yet, and I have to remind myself NOT to buy lots of educational software & courses because I'll end up not using them.
There is no reason why a good computer implementation of a Saxon textbook couldn't be better. This assumes that you still have a qualified teacher there. You can't compare a textbook with a teacher to a computerized self-learning environment without a teacher.
ReplyDeleteBut I think there may be a reason!
I'm comparing apples to apples: self-teaching via a book to self-teaching via an online program. Saxon Math to ALEKS.
As I say, I don't know WHY books should work so much better (for me), but they do.
It may be as simple as the fact that books are portable & my desktop is not -- or as simple as the fact that I can write on my books but can't write on ALEKS.
However, if your teaching goal is centered on projects and poorly-defined objectives, then computers won't help much at all.
ReplyDeleteNo kidding!
This writer seemed to say that the big advantage was that all your research materials could be your hard drive instead of your bookshelf.
Well, sure, that's a huge help. But it's not a revolution, and it doesn't teach a high school student how to devise a new energy policy.
I agree that formative assessment should be doable.
ALEKS does a terrific job with formative assessment, I think.