kitchen table math, the sequel: "topic progression" in new and old history textbooks

Friday, December 7, 2012

"topic progression" in new and old history textbooks

I've just read Katharine's post comparing a 1914 history textbook to a textbook published in 2005. The difference is staggering.

What jumps out at me are the many distinct grammatical subjects in the modern text compared to the older book:
Published in 2005:
The German States Remain Separate 

German kings after Frederick, including his grandson Frederick II, continued their attempts to revive Charlemagne’s empire and his alliance with the Church. This policy led to wars with Italian cities and to further clashes with the Pope. Conflicts were one reason why the feudal states of Germany did not unify during the Middle Ages. Another reason was that the system of German princes electing the king weakened royal authority. German rulers controlled fewer royal lands to use as a base of power than French and English kings of the same period, who, as you will learn in Chapter 14, were establishing strong central authority. 
Five main clauses, 5 different grammatical subjects.

Compare to:
Published in 1914:
In his lifelong attempt to maintain what he thought to be his rights as emperor he met, quite naturally, with the three old difficulties. He had constantly to be fighting his rivals and rebellious vassals in Germany; he had to face the opposition of the popes, who never forgot the claims that Gregory VII had made to control the emperor as well as other rulers. Lastly, in trying to keep hold of northern Italy, which he believed to belong to his empire, he spent a great deal of time with but slight results. (1914)
Four main clauses, 1 grammatical subject.

I'm wondering whether I can improve the 2005 paragraph just by tinkering with the subjects...

[pause]

OK, here's a rewrite:
Revision with "consistent grammatical subjects":
The German kings after Frederick, including his grandson Frederick II, continued Frederick's efforts to revive Charlemagne's empire and his alliance with the Church, but they did not succeed. Like Frederick, they incited fruitless wars with Italian cities and further clashes with the Pope, and the constant conflict undermined their ability to unify Germany's feudal states under one king. The kings were further weakened by the German political system, which allowed German princes to elect the king, and by their relative lack of royal lands compared to the large territories controlled by French and English kings of the same period, who, as you will learn in Chapter 14, were establishing strong central authority in their own countries. Frederick's successors succeeded neither in reviving the empire nor in unifying their country.
Six main clauses, only 2 different grammatical subjects, with 5 of the six subjects being the same ("German kings").

So I guess the lesson is: if you're going to engage in excessive summary, be sure to keep your sentence subjects consistent!

2 comments:

Katharine Beals said...

"What jumps out at me are the many distinct grammatical subjects in the modern text compared to the older book"

Brilliant observation (and revision!)
It seems to me that part of what makes this summarization seem excessive is just what you observe: the writer's attempt to cram too many subjects into one paragraph. Good summarization means stepping back and getting the big picture, which means fewer distinct subjects.

Laura in AZ said...

Quite a difference between 1914 and 2005. Since I homeschool, I get to use whatever books I want for our classes. I actually use a lot of older books, not only for their clearer writing, but also for their more advanced vocabulary. (I know this isn't always the case, but I can pick and choose.)

I've found many, if not most, of the newer textbooks to be poorly written. History seems to be one of the worst, though I did find one good series through a Catholic publisher.